Racism, Racism And White Supremacy - 1178 Words

Notable psychologist Viktor E. Frankl once stated: â€Å"When we are no longer able to change a situation - we are challenged to change ourselves.† Dramatic and serious change is difficult because when predictability disappears, so does our human sense of safety. While it may be grueling and exhausting, change is essential when a problem needs to be battled head-on. As a society, we need to change the way racial inequalities have been set up and the way we go about our lives. Racism has a large effect on minorities nationwide daily, and it can often go unnoticed or be incorrectly identified. But what truly is racism in America, today? Racism is still an extremely prevalent subject in today’s society, based on specific phenomena that affects black youth and perpetuates the false veil of brute equality. Since the inequality flag has flown since the day American settlers transcended what the Natives stood for, the primary fuel and focus remains on Black youth today. Systems of institutionalized racism and white supremacy have greatly impacted too many lives. It is also important to define privilege, the concept of â€Å"reverse racism†, and what truly is racist. White privilege can be defined as a â€Å"set of advantages and/or immunities that white people benefit from on a daily basis beyond those common to all others† (Avakian). Now how does that affect the black condition? These antiblack frat horror stories and police shootings are not isolated incidents anymore. I myself have beenShow MoreRelatedThe Source Of Racism And White Supremacy Essay1718 Words   |  7 PagesThe source of racism and white supremacy is fear of genetic annihilation. Their existence is a result of genetic mutation and environmental adaptation according to scholars and scientist of various fie lds. Albinism is a genetic imperfection that prohibits the production of melanin, the genetic content that gives color to eyes, skin and hair. Legendary scholar, author and psychiatrist, Dr. Frances Cress Welsing argues that African albinos, rejected by their parents, alienated from their communitiesRead MoreThe Riot On Racism And White Supremacy Essay1822 Words   |  8 PagesIn the year 1898 in the town of Wilmington, North Carolina a riot occurred between the African American inhabitants and the white minority of the city. Several historians accuse the origin of the riot on racism and white supremacy. Although these two beliefs have been around for countless years, and African Americans received the right to vote almost thirty years’ prior, no demonstration nor aggressive threats, to the point in which was seen in 1898, had occurred in Wilmington until that year. TheRead MoreRacism And White Supremacy For African Americans1288 Words   |  6 Pages For centuries Afr ica American’s have been stripped from their freedom, their history, and their human rights due to racism and white supremacy. However, in 1868 there was a light at the end of the tunnel, African Americans thought there was an end to racism and the beginning of equality when the 14th Amendment was created. The 14th Amendment stated, â€Å"All persons born in the United States are citizens of the United States†¦ no state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privilegesRead MoreI’M Analyzing The Effect Of Racism And White Supremacy2031 Words   |  9 PagesI’m analyzing the effect of racism and white supremacy in the movie â€Å"Get Out†. It was recently released to theatre that tells the story of an interracial couple named Chris and Rose and their trip to visit Rose’s family. The plot starts out simple with it just being a weekend out of the city to be a thriller horror story. Once they get there Chris notices some strange th ings happening. At the start it seems like everyone is very uncomfortable around African Americans. Especially at the family’s annualRead MoreWhite Supremacy Is Influencing The Young People Of Today988 Words   |  4 PagesHave you ever wondered if White Supremacy is influencing the young people of today the wrong thing? Why should White Supremacy in America be abolished? Over more than 200 years, White Supremacy has made an authority on the nation’s history, often through the federal and state laws, and it continues to be a visual element in the American society. White Supremacy was created during the 19th century, during the removal of the Native American tribes in the east of Mississippi to landRead MoreAmerican History And Its Current Setting927 Words   |  4 Pagesused the term racist or racism, the denotation suggest that they are talking on an individual level. The Oxford dictionary regards racism as an individual hate and discrimination against another race. But what about the bigger picture? Is society ignoring the systematic and power relationship racism actually stems from? The first print of the term racism was recorded in Oxford Dictionary in 1902 by Richard Henry Pratt (Demby, â€Å"The Ugly, Fascinating History Of The Word Racism†). Pratt once made aRead MoreBell Hooks Loving Blackness As Political Resistance Analysis1329 Words   |  6 Pagesas Political Resistance† The racism that runs deep in the blood of the United States is a complex issue to tackle. As white supremacy was the foundation on which the country was born, many believe that society breeds this racism and deny the possibility of change. bell hooks eloquently addresses the problems faced by those who seek to make change and establish equality in her essay, â€Å"Loving Blackness as Political Resistance.† She discusses these problems through the lens of her instruction by usingRead MoreHistory : Teachers, Textbooks And Racism1633 Words   |  7 PagesA Whitewashed History: Teachers, Textbooks and Racism. Textbooks can be wrong. Is it possible that watching the History Channel could be more informative than the average High School History class? Alia Wong points out in her article History Class and the Fictions about Race in America the topics of underqualified teachers, inaccurate textbooks and the inefficacy of history being taught at all grade levels. I, myself, can attest to this statement having been taught history by a teacher who taughtRead MoreThe Workshop Healing From Toxic Whiteness On Fight For Racial Justice Essay1067 Words   |  5 Pagesprevent white people from taking action for racial justice, a new framework for looking at white supremacy (including how it negatively impacts white people), and mindfulness techniques for working through moments when white people feel overwhelmed with what to do about racism. The workshop explained that even though white people benefit from white supremacy, they are also harmed emotionally. The facilitators explained how whiteness was created by white elite and initially also harmed poor white peopleRead MoreRacism : The Roots Of Racism1144 Words   |  5 Pagesmajor issue of racism in America and the effect it had on the people at the receiving end.The book showed how the whole government system was racist and would not allow the non-whites to uplift.As a result they always remained in poverty.So as part of my research assignment I decided to conduct research on racism. My hypothesis was that even though racist policies have ended racism is still a major issue in the society .I broke my research down to 3 primary question. Origin of racism in America.What

Budget and Budget Committee Example

Essays on Budget and Budget Committee Essay Essay Budget and Budget Committee: Budget refers to planning and organizing finances. Businesses especially when launching themselves allocate their financial resources to different things related to the functioning of the business. Hence, a thorough analysis of finances is very essential to the efficient growing and running of any business of committee. Hence, for each business or even any type of group or organization to prosper, it is very essential that its finances are managed carefully. Hence, this requires budgeting which obviously needs a group of people who can sit and ponder over what to spend where ands how etc. this fundamental task comes under the budget committee’s role. For a business, a budget committee’s formation is absolutely needed. This committee helps in outlining financial goals basically. The committee prepares documents and papers that show the financial position of the organization/business etc it is working for. This visual representation helps in planning out the activities of the business in a much better way. Expected financial results can also be seen through a thorough analysis of past records and events done by the committee. This preparation of financial documents for decision making can hence be called the main purpose of a budge committee. (Brian Tracy, 2004). A simple budget committee includes four main things or components. These are: - Sales and revenue - Profit or loss - expected costs (total costs) - Total profits thereafter A budget committee sits down and does a methodical analysis of the marketing and sales departments that it works for. By this, it simply is being a group of people all work together to make accuracy and authenticity of data their main criteria. This is done so that all estimated or projected total costs and the resulting profit or loss from them, are true. This leads to a reliable setoff data to be analyzed and drawn conclusions from. And this serves as a true and accurate set of compiled information that is used by the business (in this case) for decisions making purposes. Usually, for the budget committee to be effective, all data is collected through research by surveys and market analysis. A true budget hence portrays the business’s true worth and potential. Each budget committee member also makes sure that the budget is appraised and reviewed regularly for instance, every month. This calls for even more timely collection of data and keeps the committee on track with the latest trends in financial costs inclinations. The budget committee hence helps in saving a lot of time and money and keeps the entire business organized. (Brian Tracy, 2004). Flow of a Budget: By, flow of a budget, it is meant how basically a budget is prepared. This calls for an outlining of things that come first or are considered first, when making a budget, second, third and so on. A budget as mentioned above undertakes many important goals and deals with different types of financial trends, costs, analysis and decision making etc. The stages involved in the flow of a budget are as follows: 1. Sales value (estimated): The first thing that a budget undertakes or includes in itself, is the probable amount of sales in value for the month the budget is being made for. This is based on a complete analysis of the marketing and sales function of the business. Hence, the data involved here is that of number of goods sold, amount spent on advertising and marketing etc. There are usually written or recorded by a high, medium and low sales tag (estimated sales that is.) 2. Operating Costs: this is the second part of the budget. This illustrates what the business has spent on regular everyday expenses and how much. These costs can be related to the human resource department or even the production or dispatch/delivery department etc. from heating and lighting, to cost of fuel to salaries of employees, all comes under the tag â€Å"operating costs†. A budget hence deals with these different costs listed clearly as follows: Costs of buying the service or product Marketing and other Sales costs Administration costs Costs of operation e.g. Lighting expenses Other fixed, variable and semi-variable costs related to business operations 3. Profit or Loss (monthly): this part of the budget includes the cumulative profit or loss from operations of that month only. This step is useful for the budget committee for analysis purposes that it does later at the end of the year usually to find out the broad trends and inclinations in sales, profit, revenue and losses. 4. Total Profit or Loss: this part contains the cumulative profits or losses for the year or a set of months (quarterly, half-yearly etc.) From this are the breakeven ratios and other business profitability ratios calculated for further analysis of the functioning of the business for that period of time. We can definitely say here, that this part shows a business’s true latent, or its true potential. (Brian Tracy, 2004). Differences between Traditional Costing and ABC Costing Technique: This section refers to a called analysis for the difference/s between Traditional Costing (TC) and Activity Based Costing (ABC). These differences hence are: 1. Traditional Costing deals with exact figures for example, number of goods sold etc. Hence, all overhead costs are assigned to these. ABC costing however, does this very less, and rather puts the general trend as an allocation basis. Assignment is not related to the quantity of products. 2. TC allocates all manufacturing or production costs to products themselves. ABC costing allocates both manufacturing and non-manufacturing to products. 3. Direct labour and machine hours are the allocation bases in TC. This base is usually in correlation to the alterations that occur automatically in overhead costs or operating costs that are allocated to the base when using that base. This does not happen in TC. ABC only allocates a cost to the product only if there will be changes in the product cost in the future because of some decisions. 4. ABC against TC uses more cost allocations or pools. (FMAccounting, n.d.) Important points to remember while selecting Cost Drivers: Cost driver is something that controls the cost relating to a business function or doing. These are a component of the ABC. There are two types of cost drivers. These being: activity driver resource driver (BNET Business Dictionary, n.d.) The question that arises here is what factors to consider when selecting one type of cost driver out of many available. The things to consider are: accuracy acceptable information cost simple to analyze and understand should a combo of cost driver be taken, or one only avoiding complexity, while selecting whichever cost driver (Carsten Homburg, 2002). Different methods for calculating Payback: Payback period refers to the total time that it will acquire for an amount of money that has been invested in a capital good to come back to the investor. This basically is done through a series of cash flows and which eventually results in an accumulation of the total amount that was initially invested. One way to calculate this payback period is through a formula. This formula is: Payback period = Cost of Investment divided by Annual Cash Flows. (Masego Matseke, n.d.) Other methods of calculating payback period include: discounting cash flows; calculating the annual rate of return; IRR; Risk-adjusted rate of return; Return on Assets; Return on investment etc. (LearningMatters, 2008). ‘Both Managerial Accountants and Financial Accountants use the data from the accounting system of the firm but for different purposes.’ Financial information is a necessary tool for all businesses to have so that future and current business decisions are based on this information. A financial accountant is a person who undertakes the objective role that financial information carries with itself. This basically means that a financial accountant makes all the financial statements. His job requires him to present all financial data in a proper format. Hence, he makes all accounts and tables/charts for the managers to see and analyze. An accountant manages and maintains a track for income and expenses, assets, operating costs, returns, loans, debt etc. Accountants handle all this raw data and transform it into a proper categorised data that is presented in the form of information. (QandAs- Legal, n.d.) After all this depiction of information is done in accounts and statements, does the task of a managerial accountant begin. He is responsible for their leadership placements. They use their administration and management skills to analyze the presented information and base their decision making on this information that is prepared by a financial accountant. These are also called advisors to the business, since they evaluate financial information. Managerial accountants also are part of a product’s for instance, entire stream of work. This includes decisions related to marketing budget, sales budget, promotion expenses, pricing, outsourcing etc. (Sigel, Gary, 2000). As mentioned above, it is very clear how the two roles differ even though the main element of each accountant’s role still remains the same. There is just a difference in the â€Å"sub-s† involved. Works Cited 1. Sigel, Gary. â€Å"What do management accountants do?† Strategic Finance Publication. 2000. All Business. August, 17, 2008. http://www.allbusiness.com/accounting-reporting/managerial-accounting/605863-1.html 2. QandAs- Legal. â€Å"What does an accountant do?† QandAs. (n.d.) August, 17, 2008. http://legal.qandas.com/personal-taxes/what-does-an-account-do.html 3. LearningMatters. â€Å"Calculating Payback Period†. LearningMatters. (2008) Echelon Learning Ltd. August, 17, 2008. http://www.learningmatters.com/idx/7741/index.html 4. Masego Matseke. â€Å"Payback Period†. (n.d.) 12Manage. August, 17, 2008. http://www.12manage.com/methods_payback_period.html 5. Carsten Homburg. â€Å"A note on optimal cost driver selection in ABC†. ScienceDirect. 2002. Academic Press. August, 17, 2008. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL_udi=B6WMY-456JPDV-B_user=10_rdoc=1_fmt=_orig=search_sort=dview=c_version=1_urlVersion=0_userid=10md5=883baf2da051b21acf9381152ac7eeb5 6. BNET. â€Å"Cost Driver†. BNET Business Dictionary. (n.d.) CNET Networks Inc. August, 17, 2008. http://dictionary.bnet.com/definition/cost+driver.html 7. FMAccounting. â€Å"Difference between ABC system versus traditional based costing system†. Financial, Management and Accounting. (n.d.) August, 17, 2008. http://fmaccounting.com/difference-between-abc-system-versus-traditional-based-costing-system/ 8. Brian Tracy. â€Å"Drafting your budget†. Entrepreneur Connect. 2004. Entrepreneur.com Inc. August, 17, 2008. http://www.entrepreneur.com/money/article72918.html

The Effect Of Cooperation On Efl Learners Education Essay Free Essays

This paper will look into the consequence of cooperation on EFL scholars ‘ reading comprehension. The consequence will be examined in three subdivisions harmonizing to the surveies done in the field. First, the consequence of student-student cooperation will be explored. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effect Of Cooperation On Efl Learners Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Second, the consequence of student-teacher cooperation will be studied. Last, the consequence of student-reading specializer will be considered. Nevertheless, before traveling to the point at that place will come some elucidation about cooperation. Research in the field of schemes and scheme categorizations ( Oxford, 1990 ; cited in Brown, 2007 ) has classified cooperation as a societal scheme and has defined it in footings of collaborating with others and collaborating with adept users of the new linguistic communication. This â€Å" adept users of the new linguistic communication † can consist both instructors and the specializers of the new linguistic communication. As supported by surveies ( Almanza, 1997 ; Fehring, 1987 ; Jacobs, 2000 ; Sen, Burns, A ; Miller, 2009 ) student-student cooperation affected the scholars ‘ or pupils ‘ reading comprehension positively. By student-student cooperation, we mean several pupils collaborating and join forcesing with each other during the reading procedure. One manner to bring forth student-student cooperation is through concerted acquisition. â€Å" Concerted acquisition is agreement in which pupils work in mixed-ability groups and are rewarded on the footing of the success of the group † ( Woolfolk, Winne, A ; Perry, 2003. p. 329 ) . To hold effectual concerted acquisition, groups must be concerted ; i.e. all members must take part ( Woolfolk et al. , 2003 ) . Almanza ( 1997 ) supported the effectivity of student-student cooperation by her findings, which revealed that pupils ‘ accomplishment in reading comprehension could be improved by doing usage of concerted acquisition. Fehring ( 1987 ) is besides in favour of concerted acquisition and its effects on scholars ‘ linguistic communication acquisition in general including reading comprehension. Jacobs ( 2000 ) confirms the effectivity of concerted acquisition in reading, excessively. In his work, Jacobs ( 2000 ) asserted five grounds why concerted acquisition or s tudent-student cooperation is effectual and should be added to extensive reading ( ER ) which involves pupils in mutely reading big measures of reading stuffs. The five grounds include: Students can infect each other with enthusiasm for reading. Students can propose good ER stuffs for each other. The more adept pupils can assist other pupils. Peers provide an audience with whom pupils can portion about what they hold read. The other manner supplying student-student cooperation is through holding pupils or scholars help each other learn by learning each other. Harmonizing to Sen and co-workers ( 2009 ) , â€Å" holding other pupils work with the pupil holding trouble in reading was among the most normally cited schemes in Chinese Taipei, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Singapore, and Trinidad and Tobago † ( p. 3 ) . The consequence of student-teacher cooperation on reading comprehension of the scholars is the following subdivision to be examined. Student-teacher cooperation refers to any sort of interaction and activity established between the pupil and the instructor, which has been indicated to be constructive and affect positively the overall linguistic communication acquisition of the scholars, reading comprehension included. Instructional conversation, which refers to â€Å" state of affairs in which pupils learn through interaction with instructors and/or other pupils † ( Woolfolk et al. , 2003. p. 335 ) , is considered to be an effectual manner in developing Student-teacher cooperation, which accordingly will hold pupils learn from their instructors and better their linguistic communication acquisition development, reading comprehension included. Harmonizing to Sen and co-workers ( 2009 ) , there are two types of Student- instructor cooperation, which are among the school-support schemes that help pupils develop their overall linguistic communication larning abilities: The instructor spends more clip working with the pupil separately. The pupil works in the regular schoolroom with a teacher-aide. Both of these two types of Student-teacher cooperation appeared to be effectual in linguistic communication acquisition development ; nevertheless, the first 1 was proved to be among the most normally cited schemes used and the 2nd 1 was found to be among the least normally cited schemes used in the bulk of states around the universe. The last subdivision analyzes the consequence of student-reading specialist cooperation on scholars ‘ reading comprehension. Reading specializer is the 1 who is a sort of expert in reading and its comprehension, is the 1 who is adept and experienced in the field. Student-reading specialist cooperation is a cooperation that is established between the pupil and the reading expert. This type of cooperation has been proved to be a constructive and effectual 1 in linguistic communication acquisition development ( Woolfolk et al. , 2003 ; Sen et al. , 2009 ) as will be discussed following. Cognitive apprenticeship has been shown to be an effectual manner in overall linguistic communication acquisition development, reading comprehension included, as student- reading specialist cooperation. Woolfolk and co-workers ( 2003 ) defined cognitive apprenticeship as â€Å" a relationship in which a less experient scholar acquires knowledge and accomplishments under the counsel of an expert † ( p. 337 ) . It was believed to be an effectual signifier of instruction in general and linguistic communication acquisition in peculiar, reading comprehension included ( Woolfolk et al. , 2003 ) . The other manner of set uping student-reading specializer cooperation in order to hold an enhanced comprehension among scholars is through holding pupils work with a reading specializer whether in a remedial schoolroom or in the regular schoolroom. Research ( Sen et al. , 2009 ) has shown that both of the schemes were proved to be effectual in heightening the reading comprehension of the scholars ; nevertheless, none of them was among the most normally cited schemes used in the bulk of the states. How to cite The Effect Of Cooperation On Efl Learners Education Essay, Essay examples